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Case Report
Diagnosis and treatment modalities of altered passive eruption: Review and a case report of gummy smile
1 Department of Dental Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
Address correspondence to:
Laith Al-Mashni
DDS, Department of Dental Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH,
United States
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Article ID: 100034Z07NH2020
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How to cite this article
Hejazin N, Wehbe C, Wierup M, Montilla DE, Al-Mashni L. Diagnosis and treatment modalities of altered passive eruption: Review and a case report of gummy smile. J Case Rep Images Dent 2020;6:100034Z07NH2020.ABSTRACT
In today’s society, an increasing number of people have become aware of the esthetic appeal and symmetry between the crown length and gingival exposure. Fulfilling the patients’ expectations has created new esthetic and clinical challenges. Many causes may result in short clinical crowns which include coronal destruction resulting from traumatic injuries such as incisal attrition, caries, tissue hypertrophy, or a phenomenon known as altered passive eruption. This article will be covering classifications and treatment protocols of the altered passive eruption. It will also present a case diagnosed according to Coslet et al. classification and surgically treated to restore esthetics and gingival health of our patient. This case report’s objective is to highlight the importance of accurate diagnosis of “gummy smile” and the correlated treatment modalities that will ultimately improve the smile esthetics of patients without otherwise injuring dental tissues and in consequence, restoring optimal gingival health and esthetics.
Keywords: Altered passive eruption (APE), Gummy smile, Mucogingival surgery, Short clinical crowns
SUPPORTING INFORMATION
Author Contributions:
Nour Hejazin - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Carole Wehbe - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Martina Wierup - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis of data, Interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Daniel Escovar Montilla - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Laith Al-Mashni - Substantial contributions to conception and design, Interpretation of data, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Guaranter of SubmissionThe corresponding author is the guarantor of submission.
Source of SupportNone
Consent StatementWritten informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this article.
Data AvailabilityAll relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Conflict of InterestAuthors declare no conflict of interest.
Copyright© 2020 Nour Hejazin et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information.
